American History America West And Asia - 2341 Words

American Ailrines was founded in 1930, shortly after flying the first DC-3 from New York to Chicago. American began trading on the New York Stock Exchange in 1939. During the 1940’s they began overseas service with American Overseas Airlines and created its engineering base in Tulsa Oklahoma. In 1957, American Airlines established the American Ailines Stewardess College in Texas. In 1970 American began Carribean routes after its merger with Trans Carribean Airways. During the 1980’s American introduces the first airline loyalt program, the American Eagle system and plans to expand into Latin American service. In the 2000’s American acquires Trans World Airlines, merges with America West and introduces mobile boarding passes. In 2013, AMR†¦show more content†¦There are econominc, legal, political, social and technology, which cannot be controlledby the industry. A good understanding of the external enviriment can be the difference between failure and su ccess. A steady and growing economy helps most industires grow. Changes in prices are anindication of the current economic environement. Government regulations monitored by the FAA and interference influence an industry by regulating prices and safety rules and guidelines that all airline companies must follow. Air travel is more in demand than ever. Because of the number of carriers and their low prices, more people are able to fly and choose from a variety of places. Things such as terrorist threats and disease epidemics are definitely a factor when trying to decide where they want to go. Technology of course is a huge part of any industry the airlines in particular. Advances technology is a cost saving mechanism for many airlines. Most older airplines are being replace with newer planes with better technology to save on fuel and provide a safer and more confortable ride for passengers. The safety of the crew an passengers and American Airlines realizes the need to invest in better customer service in the air and on the ground a list of its current strategies and objectives, American ailines current strategic plain is diverse and robust and is referred to as:Flight Plan 2020. This panis

Which Who Region Includes Your Country - 1234 Words

. Which WHO region includes your country? Chad is in the WHO region of Sub Saharan Africa. 3. Provide a quick snapshot of your less developed country. Population, history, cause of its poverty, environmental or political factors influencing the country’s health status. The population of Chad is 11,412,107 people. Chad has been inhabited for thousands of years. In the 8th century the development of agriculture meant that there were settled communities. However, in the north and east people often moved around across various areas of land to graze their livestock. The people in the north became known as the Berbers. Whereas, Southern Chad had several ethnic groups. The largest group in this region was the Sara (Our Africa, 2015). The people†¦show more content†¦Independence was granted in 1960. In the first decade after independence northerners were often excluded from national politics (Our Africa, 2015). Rebellion movements formed in the north, in particular the National Liberation Front (FROLINAT) (Our Africa, 2015). Civil wars were also a part of the history of Chad. Civil wars occurred in the 1970s and 1980s. Between 1982 and 1990, a northern dominated government created a terror in the south. The leader at the time was Hissen Habre. He was overthrown in 1990 by Idriss Deby, whose party won parliamentary elections in the following year (Our Africa, 2015). There were also neighbour disputes referring to the Gaddafi era where Libya took a large interest in Chad. At one point, Libya annexed a strip in northern Chad. To force Libya out of the country it took a unified Chadian offensive in 1987 with French and US assistance (Our Africa, 2015). Chad has also had a long running dispute with Sudan. There have been thousands of Sudanese who have fled to Chad. This has occurred because they have escaped the fighting in the Darfur region of western Sudan. Chad suffers from the overall widespread poverty. It is evident that nearly two-thirds of people in Chad live below the poverty line and the population remains among the world’s poorest (Our Africa, 2015). The United Nations Human Development Index in 2010 shows that Chad was ranked near the bottom at 163 out of

Compare and contrast the treatment of war in The rank stench of those Essay Example For Students

Compare and contrast the treatment of war in The rank stench of those Essay Compare and contrast the treatment of war in The rank stench of those bodies haunts me still by Siegfried Sassoon and The Soldier by Rupert Brooke. The rank stench of those bodies haunts me still is written in alternating seven and six line stanzas. The lines are all pentameters, but there appears to be no rhyme system. Its structure seems less formal than that of The Soldier. The opening line acts as a shock, bringing images of death and destruction. In only a few words, you seem to be transported to a battlefield. This opening line also serves as the poems title. I was unable to discover whether the poem was originally untitled, and therefore known by its opening line, or whether this was a deliberate repetition. Nevertheless, the repetition seems to increase the impact of the poems opening. The line And I remember things Id best forget. seems to express a longing for the images to be forgotten. Farther on in this stanza, tents are described as hives, which draws a comparison between the soldiers and insects, as though they too are part of a collective. In the next stanza, the lines Gun-thunder leaps and thuds along the ridge; / The spouting shells dig pits in fields of death, seem to recreate the sounds of the weapons. The shells dig pits in the fields as though ready for the wounded men to fill. The poet expresses the hope that anyone he cares for could be spared this experience, and that they get back home wounded, but alive. The lines Its sundown in the camp; some youngster laughs, / Lifting his mug and drinking health to all / Who came unscathed from that unpitying waste:- / (Terror and ruin lurk behind his gaze.) are deeply touching, a man tries to hide his fear behind a facade of bravado, but it is all too clear in his face. The words unpitying waste, used to describe the indiscriminate slaughter they were part of also seems to imply that the author viewed the deaths as a waste and of no purpose. In the last stanza, the poem points out that war causes everyone involved pain and loss, and that each side is made up of people who all have the same kinds of feelings: Then I remembered someone that Id seen Dead in the squalid, miserable ditch, Heedless of the toiling feet that trod him down. He was a Prussian with a decent face Young, fresh and pleasant, so I dare to say. No doubt he loathed the war and longed for peace And cursed our souls because wed killed his friends.The Soldier is written in a variation of the Petrarchan sonnet, whose form is usually abbaabba cdcdcd. However, The Soldier uses an interlaced rhyme scheme, ababcdcd efgefg. The octave is in the form of an English sonnet, while the sestet is a variation of that of a Petrarchan sonnet, and it, typically, forms a separation from the octave. At the volta or turn, the poems mood changes, becoming more spiritual. Another similarity to an English sonnet is the poems seven rhyming pairs whereas true Petrarchan sonnets have only four rhyme sounds. Lines are written in iambic pentametersThe title is the only direct reference to war, if you take the title away, and ignore any knowledge of its context, it could have possibly been the musings of a homesick traveller. In this way, the title confers much of the poems meaning. It contains many references to England, in an attempt to stir patriotic, nationalistic feelings (which, unfortunately, sounds almost like propaganda, when read today). The poem seems to offer consolation to those who have lost loved ones, or to those who run the risk of being killed in the war. It puts forward the view that soldiers killed in the war have not died in vain, there is a core spirit of Englishness that they have taken with them and left where they died, which will affect the inhabitants of that other country. In a sense, they may not have won the war, but they have a dvanced the cause of England. This is expressed in the words That theres some corner of a foreign field / that is forever England The poet seems to fee! l that England is a kind of collective entity, made up of its people, rather than a place, and that the body of an English person constitutes a piece of England, no matter where it is left. The words There shall be / in that rich earth a richer dust concealed; suggest that among the dead of all nations involved in the war, an English decaying body is better than any other. .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 , .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 .postImageUrl , .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 , .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798:hover , .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798:visited , .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798:active { border:0!important; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798:active , .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798 .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5094cfcb9b02d9d725ca97c646b56798:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight EssayThe line A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware suggests a sense of being part of England before being part of anything else, such as family or other social groups. It also seems to imply that England has created you, made you what you are, more than any other influence on your life. Followed by the line Gave, once her flowers to love, her ways to roam, the poem seems to impress on you the idea that your country has given you a great deal. In the sestet, the poem expresses hopes that his spirit can give something back in return. The expressions English air, suns of home and English heaven tie these symbols of freedom to nationalism. The poem presents a sanitised view of war, with the idea that death serves a purpose and is not futile, and the view that one nation is superior to others. It relies on stock responses, stirring up senses of nationalism, duty and a romanticised view of England and what it means to be English. It is harder to understand when read now, as attitudes to war have changed. We now live in an increasingly globalised culture, in which the concept of nationality becomes less important in some societies. Perhaps the idea of individuality is more important to people now, rather than the sense of belonging to a nation. There are some similarities between the two poems. Both are written from a personal perspective on the subject of war. However, there are stark differences too. The rank stench of those bodies haunts me still is descriptive of the events of a battle, whereas The Soldier concerns itself with abstract concepts such as duty, nationalism and heroism, its only reference to war being the title. The language used in The rank stench of those bodies haunts me still is harsh and conjures up vile images of brutality and loss. The language used in The Soldier is romantic and invokes images pride in nationality, beauty and fellowship. The rank stench of those bodies haunts me still describes the brutality and futility of war, whereas The Soldier offers a sanitised portrayal of war that views death with a sense of honour and duty. The Soldier expresses a sense of nationalistic superiority that is not evident in the other poem. The rank stench of those bodies haunts me st! ill concludes with the humanitarian notion that despite arbitrary sides in a war, we all share common feelings and goals. Appendix 1The rank stench of those bodies haunts me stillThe rank stench of those bodies haunts me still And I remember things Id best forget. For now were marched to a green, trenchless land Twelve miles from battering guns: along the grass Drawn lines of tents are hives for snoring m en; Wide, radiant water sways the floating sky Below dark with thoughts of home and hours of sleep. Tonight I smell the battle; miles away Gun-thunder leaps and thuds along the ridge; The spouting shells dig pits in fields of death, And wounded men are moaning in the woods. If any friend be there whom I have loved God send him safe to England with a gash. Its sundown in the camp; some youngster laughs, Lifting his mug and drinking health to all Who came unscathed from that unpitying waste:- (Terror and ruin lurk behind his gaze.) Another sits with tranquil, musing face. Puffing his pipe and dreaming of the girl Whose last scrawled sheets lie upon his knee. The sunlight falls, low-ruddy from the west, Upon their martial hair; they might have died; And now they stretch their limbs in tired content. One says The bloody Bosches have got the knock; And soon theyll crumple up and chuck their games. Weve got the beggars on the run at last!Then I remembered someone that Id seen Dead in the squalid, miserable ditch, Heedless of the toiling feet that trod him down. He was a Prussian with a decent face Young, fresh and pleasant, so I dare to say. No doubt he loathed the war and longed for peace And cursed our souls because wed killed his friends. .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f , .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f .postImageUrl , .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f , .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f:hover , .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f:visited , .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f:active { border:0!important; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f:active , .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufd950375523fc9a5aef7fad500ccbe2f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History of Space Exploration EssaySiegfried SassoonAppendix 2The SoldierIf I should die think only this of me: That theres some corner of a foreign field That is forever England. There shall be In that rich earth a richer dust concealed; A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware. Gave, once her flowers to love, her ways to roam, A body of Englands breathing English air, Washed by the rivers, blest by suns of home. And think this heart, all evil shed away, A pulse in the eternal life, no less Gives somewhere back the thoughts by England given; Her sights and sounds, dreams happy as her day; And laughter learnt of friends; and gentleness. In hearts at peace, under an English heaven.

Precipitation Reactions Essay Example

Precipitation Reactions Essay The purpose of this experiment is to become familiar with precipitation reactions. According to the textbook, precipitation is the process where a chemical reaction leads to the formation of a solid, which is called a precipitate. These types of chemical reactions are called precipitation reactions. To understand the formation of a solid in a chemical reaction, it is important to understand the key components that yield the precipitate.Precipitation reactions specifically occur when aqueous solutions of ionic solutes are mixed to produce a solid. The term aqueous refers to the state of the substance, showing that it dissolves in water. When a solid containing ions dissolves in water, the ions separate and move around independently. When two aqueous solutions are mixed, the solution becomes a mixed solution -one that contains independent ions. To determine what solid, if any, is formed, it is necessary to predict the result using the rules of solubility. Solubility is a solids ability to dissolve in water.A soluble solid will readily dissolve in water, whereas an insoluble solid will not dissolve, or change in ways so small that they are not visible to the naked eye. By knowing the solubility rules of ionic compounds, it is possible to know whether a precipitate will form in a reaction, and what the precipitate is.Methods and MaterialsThis experiment required the mixture of several different substances, followed by observation of the results. To perform these tests, a microtiter plate was used to contain the individual drops of substances. The substances provided included the following solutes: sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, silver nitrate, sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, potassium chromate, lead acetate, sodium sulfate, and barium chloride.Using pipets, these solutes were carefully mixed on the microtiter plate, which was used as a reaction chamber. Carefully, the reagents were dispersed and mixed, while the reactions observed and recorded. To discover th e results of the reactions, it was necessary to use solubility rules to predict the reactions. The order of the reactions as well as the results can be seen in Data Table 1.Results and ObservationsTable 1. Reactants and PrecipitatesReactantReactantBalanced EquationPrecipitateSilver Nitrate AgNO3Sodium Chloride NaClAgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)AgClSilver Nitrate AgNO3Hydrochloric Acid HClHCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) HNO3(aq) +AgCl(s)AgClSilver Nitrate AgNO3Sulfuric Acid H2SO4AgNO3(aq) + H2SO4(aq) Ag2SO4(s) + HNO3(aq)Ag2SO4Silver Nitrate AgNO3Sodium Sulfate Na2SO42AgNO3(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) Ag2SO4(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)Ag2SO4Silver Nitrate AgNO3Sodium Carbonate Na2CO32AgNO3(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) Ag2CO3(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)Ag2CO3Silver Nitrate AgNO3Potassium Carbonate K2CO32AgNO3(aq) + K2CO3(aq) Ag2CO3(s) + 2KNO3(aq)Ag2CO3Silver Nitrate AgNO3Lead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2AgNO3(aq) + Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) Ag(C2H3O2)2(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq)No PrecipitateSilver Nitrate AgNO3Barium Chloride BaCl22AgN O3(aq) + BaCl2(aq) 2AgCl(s) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)AgClPotassium Carbonate K2CO3Lead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2K2CO3(aq) + Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) K2(C2H3O2)2(aq) + PbCO3(s)PbCO3Potassium Carbonate K2CO3Barium Chloride BaCl2K2CO3(aq) + BaCl2(aq) KCl2(aq) + BaCO3(s)BaCO3Potassium Carbonate K2CO3Copper(II)Sulfate CuSO4K2CO3(aq) + CuSO4(aq) K2SO4(aq) + CuCO3(s)CuCO3Lead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2Sodium Carbonate Na2CO3Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) PbCO3(s) + Na2(C2H3O2)2(aq)PbCO3Lead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2Sodium Chloride NaClPb(C2H3O2)2(aq) + NaCl(aq) PbCl2(aq) + Na2(C2H3O2)2(aq)No PrecipitateLead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2Sodium Sulfate Na2SO4Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) PbSO4(s) + Na2(C2H3O2)2(aq)PbSO4Lead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2Sulfuric Acid H2SO4Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) PbSO4(s) + H2(C2H3O2)2(aq)PbSO4Lead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2Barium Chloride BaCl2Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) + BaCl2(aq) PbCl2(aq) + Ba(C2H3O2)2(aq)No PrecipitateLead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2Hydrochloric Acid HClPb(C2H3O2)2(aq) + HCl (aq) PbCl2(aq) + H2(C2H3O2)2(aq)No PrecipitateLead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2Copper(II)Sulfate CuSO4Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) + CuSO4(aq) PbSO4(s) + Cu(C2H3O2)2(aq)PbSO4Barium Chloride BaCl2Sodium Carbonate Na2CO3BaCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) BaCO3(s) + NaCl(aq)BaCO3Barium Chloride BaCl2Sodium Sulfate Na2SO4BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) BaSO4(s) + NaCl(aq)BaSO4Barium Chloride BaCl2Sulfuric Acid H2SO4BaCl2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) BaSO4(s) + HCl(aq)BaSO4Barium Chloride BaCl2Copper(II)Sulfate CuSO4BaCl2(aq) + CuSO4(aq) BaSO4(s) + CuCl(aq)BaSO4Sodium Chloride NaClSodium Carbonate Na2CO3NaCl(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) Na2CO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)No PrecipitateAmmonium Chloride NH4ClLead(II)Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2NH4Cl(aq) + Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) NH4(C2H3O2)2(aq) + PbCl2(aq)No PrecipitateAmmonium Chloride NH4ClSilver Nitrate AgNO3NH4Cl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) NH4NO3(aq) + AgCl(s)AgClAmmonium Chloride NH4ClCopper(II)Sulfate CuSO4NH4Cl(aq) + CuSO4(aq) NH4SO4(aq) + CuCl(aq)No PrecipitateTable 2. Net Ionic Equations and ObservationsRe actantsNet Ionic EquationObservationsAgNO3, NaClAg+(aq) + Cl-(aq) AgCl(s)drops turned cloudy-whiteAgNO3, HClCl-(aq) + Ag-(aq) AgCl(s)drops turned cloudy-whiteAgNO3, H2SO4Ag+(aq) + Ag+(aq) + SO4-(aq) Ag2SO4(s)developed soft-white particlesAgNO3, Na2SO4Ag+(aq) + Ag+(aq) + SO4-(aq) Ag2SO4(s)developed yellow tintAgNO3, Na2CO3Ag+(aq) + Ag+(aq) + CO3-(aq) Ag2CO3(s)translucent cloudy-white and yellow particlesAgNO3, K2CO3Ag+(aq) + Ag+(aq) + CO3-(aq) Ag2CO3(s)reddish-brown color changeAgNO3, Pb(C2H3O2)2No precipitate formed.no apparent changeAgNO3, BaCl2Ag+(aq) + Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + Cl-(aq) 2AgCl(s)developed thick cloudy-white colorK2CO3, Pb(C2H3O2)2CO3-(aq) + Pb-(aq) PbCO3(s)developed white particles in yellow liquidK2CO3, BaCl2CO3-(aq) + Ba+(aq) BaCO3(s)solid/cloudy yellow liquidK2CO3, CuSO4CO3-(aq) + Cu+(aq) CuCO3(s)developed white particles in yellow liquidPb(C2H3O2)2, Na2CO3Pb+(aq) + CO3-(aq) PbCO3(s)turned misty/foggy whitePb(C2H3O2)2, NaClNo precipitate formed.no apparent c hangePb(C2H3O2)2, Na2SO4Pb+(aq) + SO4-(aq) PbSO4(s)turned cloudy-whitePb(C2H3O2)2, H2SO4Pb+(aq) + SO4-(aq) PbSO4(s)changed into soft-white colorPb(C2H3O2)2, BaCl2No precipitate formed.no apparent changePb(C2H3O2)2, HClNo precipitate formed.no apparent changePb(C2H3O2)2, CuSO4Pb+(aq) + SO4-(aq) PbSO4(s)developed soft-white colorBaCl2, Na2CO3Ba+(aq) + CO3-(aq) BaCO3(s)white precipitation on clear liquidBaCl2, Na2SO4Ba+(aq) + SO4-(aq) BaSO4(s)- (wasnt in class/not recorded)BaCl2, H2SO4Ba+(aq) + SO4-(aq) BaSO4(s)- (wasnt in class/not recorded)BaCl2, CuSO4Ba+(aq) + SO4-(aq) BaSO4(s)- (wasnt in class/not recorded)NaCl, Na2CO3No precipitate formed.no apparent changeNH4Cl, Pb(C2H3O2)2No precipitate formed.no apparent changeNH4Cl, AgNO3Cl-(aq) + Ag+(aq) AgCl(s)- (wasnt in class/not recorded)NH4Cl, CuSO4No precipitate formed.no apparent changeDiscussionIn this lab, it was made clear, through numerous chemical reactions, what exactly occurs in a precipitation reaction. The standard definition reads that a precipitation reaction occurs when a solid is formed as a result of the mixture of aqueous ions, which sounds obscure. However, the experimentation with many different types of substances shows how consistent and predictable these results can be. Using solubility rules, it is easy to determine whether a precipitate will form, and even know what the solid is.For example, the compound Silver Nitrate, or AgNO3, combined with HCl, or hydrochloric acid, forms the precipitate AgCl, or Silver Chloride. This is known because the solubility rules states that NO3 salts are soluble, as well as chloride salts. However, in the case of AgCl, chloride is not soluble. As soon as this information is attained, it is determined that AgCl is the precipitate, since the remaining ions H and NO3 dissolve in water.QuestionsThe solubility rules used to predict the identity of the precipitates formed in the reactions of this experiment are general rules of thumb that hold tru e in most instances. However, the specific quantity of an ionic solid that will dissolve in a given quantity of solvent is governed by the solubility or the solubility product of the ionic substance. Use your textbook or encyclopedia for each of these terms.Solubility solubility is physical property of a substance having the ability to dissolve in water.Solubility product solubility product constants are used to describe saturated solutions of ionic compounds of relatively low solubility. A saturated solution is in a state of dynamic equilibrium between the dissolved, dissociated, ionic compound and the undissolved solid.Source: www.chem.purdue.edu/ConclusionThough chemistry is a very complex science, experimenting with chemical reactions offers a chance to experience and understand the consistent workings of the study. On paper, it seems as though the hundreds of elements and thousands of compound combinations are an endless wall of difficult formulas. Through experiences like th ese experiments, however, I can firsthand witness the consistency in chemical change, and see exactly how the world functions. Precipitation opened up a new aspect of chemistry -the ability to see and know how ions react in water, and how they react with each other to form new solids. Seeing and understanding why chemical changes happen transforms an endless wall of dry formulas into a fascinating world of actual substances found in reality.